In eighteenth-century France, writers emerged as a new kind of power. They stirred passions, shaped public opinion, and helped topple the Bourbon monarchy. Whether scribbling in dreary garrets or philosophizing in salons, they exerted so much influence that the state kept them under constant surveillance. A few became celebrities, but most were hacks, and none could survive without patrons or second jobs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The Writer\u2019s Lot<\/em> is the first book to move beyond individual biography to take the measure of \u201cliterary France\u201d as a whole. Historian Robert Darnton parses forgotten letters, manuscripts, police reports, private diaries, and newspapers to show how writers made careers and how they fit into the social order\u2014or didn\u2019t. Reassessing long-standing narratives of the French Revolution, Darnton shows that to be a reject was not necessarily to be a Jacobin: the toilers of the Parisian Grub Street sold their words to revolutionary publishers and government ministers alike. And while literary France contributed to the downfall of the ancien r\u00e9gime, it did so through its example more than its ideals: the contradiction inherent in the Republic of Letters\u2014in theory, open to all; in practice, dominated by a well-connected clique\u2014dramatized the oppressiveness of the French social system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Darnton brings his trademark rigor and investigative eye to the character of literary France, from the culture war that pitted the \u201cdecadent\u201d Voltaire against the \u201cradical\u201d Rousseau to struggling scribblers, booksellers, censors, printers, and royal spies. Their lives, little understood until now, afford rare insight into the ferment of French society during the Age of Revolution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n About the author<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Robert Darntonis the author of numerous award-winning books on French cultural history, including The Revolutionary Temper. A MacArthur Fellow, chevalier in the L\u00e9gion d\u2019honneur, and winner of the National Humanities Medal and the National Book Critics Circle Award, Darnton is the Carl H. Pforzheimer University Professor and Director of the University Library, Emeritus, at Harvard University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n