This book is the only comprehensive treatment in any language of a rather \u201cexotic\u201d Balkan Jewish community. It places the Jewish community of Bosnia and Herzegovina into the context of the Jewish world, but also of the world within which it existed for around five hundred years under various empires and regimes. The Bosnian Jews might have remained a mostly unknown community to the rest of the world had it not played a unique role within the Bosnian Wars of the early 1990s, providing humanitarian aid to its neighbor Serbs, Croats, and Muslims. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Francine Friedman<\/strong>, Ph.D. (1977), Claremont Graduate School, is Professor of Political Science at Ball State University. She has published two monographs, The Bosnian Muslims: Denial of a Nation<\/em> (Westview Press, 1996) and Bosnia and Herzegovina: A Polity on the Brink<\/em> (Routledge: 2004), and numerous articles and book chapters about ethnic relations in Bosnia and Herzegovina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Table of contents<\/p>\n\n\n\n Acknowledgements<\/strong>
\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
List of Figures, Maps and Tables<\/strong>
Terms, Definitions, Abbreviations and Acronyms<\/strong>
Introduction: Like Salt for Bread<\/strong>
\u20031\u2003Bosnia and Herzegovina
\u20032\u2003Identity, Ethnicity, and Religion in the Lands of the Former Yugoslavia
\u20033\u2003The Jews of Bosnia and Herzegovina
1<\/strong>\u2003 The Sephardic Strand<\/strong>
\u20031\u2003Introduction
\u20032\u2003Early Jewish Settlement in Iberia
\u20033\u2003The Jews in Medieval Spain
\u20033.1\u2003 The Visigothic Era<\/em>
\u20033.2\u2003 The Moorish Period<\/em>
\u20033.3\u2003 The Reconquista Period<\/em>
\u20033.3.1\u2003Decline of the Jewish Position in Christian Spain
\u20033.3.2\u2003Conversos, the Crown, and the Inquisition
\u20033.3.2.1\u2003The Conversos
\u20033.3.2.2\u2003The Inquisition
\u20034\u2003Expulsion of the Jews from Iberia and the Journey to the Balkans
\u20035\u2003The Jewish Experience in Iberia
2<\/strong>\u2003 The Jews in the Ottoman Empire<\/strong>
\u20031\u2003Introduction
\u20032\u2003Iberian Jews Enter the Ottoman Empire
\u20033\u2003Sephardic Settlement in Bosnia and Herzegovina
\u20033.1\u2003 Sarajevo<\/em>
\u20033.1.1\u2003Jewish Settlement Patterns in Sarajevo
\u20033.2\u2003 Smaller Bosnian Jewish Communities<\/em>
\u20033.2.1\u2003Mostar
\u20033.2.2\u2003Banja Luka
\u20033.2.3\u2003Biha\u0107
\u20033.2.4\u2003Travnik
\u20033.2.5\u2003Derventa
\u20033.2.6\u2003Bijeljina
\u20033.2.7\u2003Br\u010dko
\u20033.2.8\u2003\u017dep\u010de
\u20033.2.9\u2003Zvornik
\u20034\u2003The Ottoman Administration and the Jews
\u20035\u2003The Jews and the Ottoman Communal Organization
\u20035.1\u2003 Dhimm\u0131hood<\/em>
\u20035.2\u2003 Taxation of the Dhimm\u0131<\/em>
\u20036\u2003The Sarajevo Megillah
\u20037\u2003Ottoman Reforms and the Jews
\u20038\u2003The Jews in the Ottoman Economy
\u20039\u2003Bosnian Jewish Marital Customs
\u200310\u2003Bosnian Jewish Communal Organization
\u200310.1\u2003 Religious, Social, and Cultural Administration<\/em>
\u200311\u2003The Effect of Messianism on the Ottoman Jews: Shabtai Zvi
\u200312\u2003The Decline of the Ottoman Empire
\u200312.1\u2003 The Effect of the Ottoman Decline on the Bosnian Jews<\/em>
\u200312.2\u2003 The Rise of Nationalism<\/em>
\u200313\u2003Sephardic Culture in the Ottoman Empire
\u200313.1\u2003 Judeo-espanjol<\/em>
\u200314\u2003Spain and the Sephardim
\u200315\u2003The Jewish Experience in the Ottoman Empire
3<\/strong>\u2003 The Ashkenazic Strand<\/strong>
\u20031\u2003Introduction
\u20032\u2003Origins and Development of the Ashkenazim
\u20033\u2003Jewish Relations with Austro-Hungarian Society
\u20034\u2003Jewish Communal Administration
\u20035\u2003Austro-Hungarian Occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
\u20036\u2003Bosnian Jewish Political Activity
\u20037\u2003Bosnian Jewish Demographic Profile
\u20038\u2003Bosnian Jewish Socioeconomic Life
\u20039\u2003Bosnian Jewish Communal Life
\u200310\u2003Bosnian Jewish Religious Life
\u200311\u2003Bosnian Jewish Cultural Life: Print, Media, the Arts
\u200312\u2003The Bosnian Jews under Austria-Hungary
4<\/strong>\u2003 The Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes\/the First Yugoslavia<\/strong>
\u20031\u2003Introduction
\u20032\u2003The Balkan Wars
\u20033\u2003South Slavic Jews in World War i
\u20034\u2003The Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes
\u20035\u2003Bosnian Jewish Interwar Demographic Profile
\u20035.1\u2003 Bosnian Jews in the Provinces<\/em>
\u20036\u2003Relations between Bosnian Sephardim and Ashkenazim
\u20037\u2003Yugoslav and Bosnian Jewish Interwar Occupational Profile
\u20038\u2003Economic Situation of the Bosnian Jews
\u20039\u2003Bosnian Jewish Political Activity
\u200310\u2003Bosnian Jewish Communal Organization
\u200310.1\u2003 Zionism<\/em>
\u200310.2\u2003 Integrationalism<\/em>
\u200310.3\u2003 Diaspora Nationalism<\/em>
\u200310.4\u2003 The Local Community<\/em>
\u200310.5\u2003 Communal Leadership<\/em>
\u200310.6\u2003 Communal Religious Organizations<\/em>
\u200310.7\u2003 Communal Religious Leadership<\/em>
\u200310.8\u2003 Schools and Language<\/em>
\u200311\u2003Bosnian Jewish Cultural Activity
\u200311.1\u2003 Jewish Newspapers<\/em>
\u200311.2\u2003 Jewish Artists<\/em>
\u200311.3\u2003 Jewish Authors, Essayists, Poets<\/em>
\u200312\u2003Bosnian Jewish Social and Charitable\/Humanitarian Organizations
\u200312.1\u2003 La Benevolencija<\/em>
\u200312.2\u2003 Other Bosnian Jewish Communal\/Humanitarian Organizations<\/em>
\u200312.3\u2003 Youth and Workers\u2019 Societies<\/em>
\u200313\u2003Bosnian Jews in the Spanish Civil War
\u200314\u2003Antisemitism in Interwar Yugoslavia
\u200314.1\u2003 Bosnian Jewish Response to the Rise of Yugoslav Fascism<\/em>
\u200315\u2003Bosnian Jews in Interwar Yugoslavia
5<\/strong>\u2003 World War ii<\/strong>
\u20031\u2003Introduction: The Collapse of Yugoslavia and the Rise of the Independent State of Croatia
\u20032\u2003Bosnian Jewish Demographic Profile in the Independent State of Croatia
\u20033\u2003\u201cThe Hunt for the Jews\u201d
\u20033.1\u2003 Bosnian Response to the Establishment of the Independent State of Croatia<\/em>
\u20033.2\u2003 Anti-Jewish Legislation<\/em>
\u20033.3\u2003 Honorary Aryans<\/em>
\u20034\u2003The Rationale for Impoverishment of the Jewish Population
\u20034.1\u2003 Theft of Jewish Personal Property<\/em>
\u20034.2\u2003 Appointment of Povjerenici for the Plunder of Jewish Businesses<\/em>
\u20034.3\u2003 Usta\u0161e Control over Jewish Communal Organizations<\/em>
\u20034.3.1\u2003Plunder of Bosnian Jewish Communal Property
\u20035\u2003The Sarajevo Haggadah During World War ii
\u20036\u2003Early Violence against the Jews
\u20037\u2003Bosnian Jews in the First Months of Occupation
\u20038\u2003The Catholic Church in the Independent State of Croatia
\u20039\u2003The Islamic Religious Community in the Independent State of Croatia
\u200310\u2003The Shoah in Bosnia and Herzegovina
\u200310.1\u2003 Usta\u0161e Establishment of Concentration Camps<\/em>
\u200310.1.1\u2003Deportations of Bosnian Jews
\u200310.1.2\u2003Bosnian Jews in Concentration Camps
\u200310.1.3\u2003Number of World War ii Bosnian Jewish Victims
\u200311\u2003The Italian Zone
\u200311.1\u2003 Jews in Italy\u2019s Zone ii<\/em>
\u200311.1.1\u2003Rab Concentration Camp
\u200312\u2003Jewish Participation in the Resistance
\u200312.1\u2003 Bosnian Jews in the Partisans<\/em>
\u200312.2\u2003 Bosnian Jewish Prisoners of War<\/em>
\u200312.3\u2003 The \u010cetniks and the Jews<\/em>
\u200313\u2003The Hand\u017ear Division
\u200314\u2003Holocaust Survivors
\u200315\u2003Bosnian Righteous among the Nations
\u200316\u2003The Bosnian Jews in World War ii
6<\/strong>\u2003 The Communist Era<\/strong>
\u20031\u2003Introduction
\u20032\u2003Popular Identification and Its Impact on Bosnia and Herzegovina
\u20032.1\u2003 Narod<\/em>
\u20032.2\u2003 Narodnost<\/em>
\u20032.3\u2003 Etni\u010dke Manjine<\/em>
\u20032.4\u2003 Evolution of the Concept of Narod<\/em>
\u20033\u2003Bosnian Jewish Relations with the Socialist State and Society
\u20033.1\u2003 Postwar Reconstruction of the Yugoslav Jewish Community<\/em>
\u20033.2\u2003 Jewish Industrial Property<\/em>
\u20033.3\u2003 Demographic Profile of the Bosnian Jewish Community<\/em>
\u20033.3.1\u2003The Effect of Aliyah on Bosnian Jewish Demography
\u20033.3.2\u2003Occupational Profile of Yugoslav Jews
\u20034\u2003Post-World War ii Bosnian Jewish Communal Life
\u20034.1\u2003 Jewish Communal Organization<\/em>
\u20034.2\u2003 Bosnian Jewish Communal Property under Socialism<\/em>
\u20034.2.1\u2003Synagogues
\u20034.2.2\u2003Cemeteries
\u20035\u2003Bosnian Jewish Cultural Life
\u20036\u2003Yugoslav-Israeli Relations and Their Effect on Yugoslavia\u2019s Jews
\u20037\u2003Antisemitism in Communist Yugoslavia
\u20038\u2003Visible Shoah Commemorations
\u20039\u2003Yugoslavia\u2019s Interethnic Relations
\u20039.1\u2003 The Collapse of \u201cBrotherhood and Unity\u201d<\/em>
\u20039.2\u2003 The Empowerment of Nationalist Leaders<\/em>
\u200310\u2003The Yugoslav Crisis and Its Effects on Bosnia and Herzegovina
\u200310.1\u2003 The Bosnian Leadership Crisis<\/em>
\u200310.2\u2003 Ethnic Politics in Bosnia and Herzegovina<\/em>
\u200311\u2003The Bosnian Jewish Community at the End of Communist Yugoslavia
7<\/strong>\u2003 War in the 1990s<\/strong>
\u20031\u2003Introduction: European Nationalism at the End of the Twentieth Century
\u20032\u2003Ancient Ethnic Hatreds?
\u20033\u2003The Wars of Yugoslav Succession
\u20033.1\u2003 Opening Shots of the Bosnian War<\/em>
\u20033.2\u2003 The Bosnian War<\/em>
\u20033.2.1\u2003Sarajevo Besieged
\u20033.2.2\u2003The International Response to the Bosnian War
\u20034\u2003The Role of the Bosnian Jewish Community in the Bosnian War
\u20034.1\u2003 The Rediscovery of Jewish Identity<\/em>
\u20034.2\u2003 The Reestablishment of La Benevolencija<\/em>
\u20034.3\u2003 The Bosnian Jewish Community in the Bosnian War<\/em>
\u20034.4\u2003 The Organization of the Jewish Community in Besieged Sarajevo<\/em>
\u20034.4.1\u2003The Split Logistical Center
\u20034.4.2\u2003La Benevolencija-sponsored Programs
\u20034.4.2.1\u2003Magacin (Warehouse)
\u20034.4.2.2\u2003Women\u2019s Section: Bohoreta
\u20034.4.2.3\u2003Health Service
\u20034.4.2.4\u2003Pharmacy
\u20034.4.2.5\u2003Clinic
\u20034.4.2.6\u2003House Visit Program
\u20034.4.2.7\u2003People\u2019s Kitchen
\u20034.4.2.8\u2003Radio Station and Postal Service
\u20034.4.2.9\u2003Department for Cultural and Religious Questions
\u20034.4.2.10\u2003Computer Center
\u20034.4.2.11\u2003Evacuations
\u20035\u2003The Sarajevo Haggadah During the Bosnian War
\u20036\u2003Bosnian Jews in the Bosnian War
8<\/strong>\u2003 The Postwar Bosnian Jewish Community<\/strong>
\u20031\u2003Introduction
\u20032\u2003The Dayton Peace Accords and Their Implications
\u20033\u2003Characterization of the Bosnian War
\u20034\u2003Bosnia and Herzegovina and the European Union
\u20035\u2003Profile of the Postwar Bosnian Jewish Community
\u20035.1\u2003 Synagogues and Cemeteries<\/em>
\u20035.2\u2003 Sociocultural Condition of the Bosnian Jewish Community<\/em>
\u20036\u2003Bosnian Jewish Involvement in Postwar BiH
\u20037\u2003The Sarajevo Haggadah
\u20038\u2003The Bosnian View of the Shoah
\u20039\u2003Antisemitism in Bosnia and Herzegovina
\u200310\u2003Expropriation, Nationalization, Restitution in Postwar Bosnia and Herzegovina
\u200310.1\u2003 Status of Bosnian Jewish Personal and Communal Property<\/em>
\u200311\u2003The Claims Conference
\u200312\u2003Sejdi\u0107-Finci
\u200313\u2003Bosnian Relations with Israel
\u200314\u2003Future Prospects
Bibliography<\/strong>
Index<\/strong>\u2003 872<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n