{"id":26160,"date":"2021-05-07T23:47:17","date_gmt":"2021-05-07T23:47:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/historiografija.hr\/?p=26160"},"modified":"2021-05-07T23:50:01","modified_gmt":"2021-05-07T23:50:01","slug":"historiografsko-misljenje-jurgen-kocka-o-vaznosti-tijesne-povezanosti-teorije-i-empirije","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/?p=26160","title":{"rendered":"Historiografsko mi\u0161ljenje \u2013 J\u00fcrgen Kocka o va\u017enosti tijesne povezanosti teorije i empirije"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u201cTeorijski orijentisana istorijska nauka je u svakom razdoblju bila stvar manjine istori\u010dara, istina, manjine koja je rasla. Skepsa ve\u0107ine nikad nije sasvim prevazi\u0111ena. Na \u010demu se temelji ova skepsa, kako se obrazla\u017ee? To uop\u0161te nije lako re\u0107i, jer za potpunu razliku od zastupnika orijentisanja prema teoriji protivnici i skepti\u010dari uglavnom nisu iznosili eksplicitne argumente o kojima bi se moglo diskutovati. Teorijska obrazlo\u017eenja skepse prema teoriji su retka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ali nesumnjivo je igralo i igra ulogu ube\u0111enje da se i do sada, nesumnjivo, sasvim lepo izlazilo na kraj i bez mnogo teorije, pa stoga predlo\u017eene novine uop\u0161te nisu toliko potrebne. Zacelo je igralo i igra ulogu i to da teorijski orijentisana istorijska nauka postavlja veoma visoke zahteve, ako \u017eelimo da je upra\u017enjavamo na odgovaraju\u0107i na\u010din, a to zna\u010di: u tesnoj povezanosti teorije i empirije. Jer relativno je jednostavno pisati istoriju nacionalsocijalizma u kojoj \u0107emo isticati vode\u0107e li\u010dnosti, naro\u010dito Hitlera, i pri\u010dati kre\u0107u\u0107i se od jedne prelomne situacije do druge. Uostalo, relativno je jednostavno i govoriti samo apstraktno o teorijama fa\u0161izma. Me\u0111utim, te\u0161ko je i postavlja velike zahteve staviti u sredi\u0161te strukturnu istoriju nacionalsocijalisti\u010dke Nema\u010dke \u2013 jer o toj istoriji nije tako lako pri\u010dati, nego je potrebna teorijski orijentisana analiza \u2013 pa onda u tom okviru pripovedati o postupcima i odlukama, doga\u0111ajima i njihovom proticanju. Za to su potrebna ispitivanja konjunkture i analize klasne strukture, ustavne istorije, potrebni su razotkrivanje politi\u010dke kulture, uvidi u ulogu vaspitnog sistema i razmi\u0161ljanja o odnosu unutra\u0161nje i spoljne politike itd. Sve to jedva da je mogu\u0107e bez teorije, bez obimne lektire dela iz susednih nauka, bez zamornog naprezanja pojmova. Ko ne bi razumeo \u0161to mnogi istori\u010dari to ose\u0107aju kao neugodan zahtev, pa to radije odbijaju?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>J\u00fcrgen Kocka, <em>O istorijskoj nauci: ogledi<\/em>, Beograd 1994, str. 118-119.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-historiografija-hr\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"pPZC1CqyOq\"><a href=\"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/?p=26066\">Historiografska misao dana \u2013 J\u00fcrgen Kocka: \u201cNije cilj dati fotografiju istorijske stvarnosti\u201d<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Historiografska misao dana \u2013 J\u00fcrgen Kocka: \u201cNije cilj dati fotografiju istorijske stvarnosti\u201d&#8221; &#8212; Historiografija.hr\" src=\"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/?p=26066&#038;embed=true#?secret=pPZC1CqyOq\" data-secret=\"pPZC1CqyOq\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":26069,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novosti","category-rubrike"],"acf":{"facebook_opis":""},"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/historiografija.hr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/J_Kocka.jpg?fit=356%2C269&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=26160"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26164,"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26160\/revisions\/26164"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/26069"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=26160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=26160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/historiografija.hr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=26160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}